Self-esteem is an inner attitude at the root of the construction of the personality and psychic balance, in addition to being responsible for adaptive processes over the course of a person’s life. Whilst the concept of self-esteem is commonly used in several disciplines, it seems that a consensus on its conceptualization and its operationalization has not yet been reached. In this context, a concept analysis allows us to address a phenomenon and to understand its use and its evolution from a unique disciplinary perspective. The aim of this article is therefore to analyze the concept of self-esteem from a nursing perspective to identify: definitions of the term and related terms; its attributes; model and borderline cases, proposed here within the community of mental health nurses; its history and consequences; and empirical references using the Walker and Avant method. The attributes identified that allow for a deeper understanding of the concept are: self-value, self-acceptance, self-efficacy, the attitude one has toward oneself and, finally, self-respect.