Reality shock is a manifestation of the dissonance between reality and what was imagined about the world of work. It is part of the integration process of new nurses joining a healthcare setting for the first time. This major step, linked to the first experiences of work, places recruits in a state of vulnerability in their new profession. Many baby boomers are expected to retire from the profession, and finding solutions to ease the transition to the professional role for younger nurses is therefore crucial. This narrative literature review attempts to answer the following questions: What characterizes reality shock among new nurses transitioning from the role of student to professional? The CINAHL and MEDLINE databases were consulted in addition to reports issued by the OIIQ. Preceptorship programs providing working conditions that reflect the needs of the new generation of workers, as well as realistic expectations, seem to reduce the impact of reality shock.