The history of the relationship between doctors and patients shows that it is possible to find traces of attention from doctors towards patients as far back as Antiquity. Nevertheless, at that time, this solicitude arose essentially in the name of nature through the sick individual. With the Middle Ages and the rise and growing importance of Christianity, the notion of the person appeared, rising beyond the physical limits of the individual. At that time, the solicitude then arose in the name of God, who was, in this sense, transcending the sick person. It is only at the end of the nineteenth century, with the movement of social transformation and the secularization of medical care, that it is possible to detect the notion of subject in the medical relation, as proved by the emergence of psychoanalysis. But at the same time, the spectacular evolution of medicine in its scientific component and its increasing importance during the next century meant that it focused mainly on a naturalistic vision of the world of medical care, to the detriment, most of the time, of a personal vision taking into account the deep-rooted social context connected to the sick subject. From then on, the nursing profession could be seen, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, as complementary to medicine, through the development and the implementation of a dominant personal type of relation without neglecting the naturalistic type of relation. This prospect could be achieved on the condition that scientific knowledge allowing for the provision of consistency and depth to this way of seeing and acting centered on the person was developed. An approach doubtless inspired by care, yet going further in its emotional and ethical meaning in order to be capable of understanding and acting in a better manner.