This article presents some results stemming from university research work, on the subject of nursing training and the construction of student nurses’ professional identity. As a tool contributing to the process of this construction, research in nursing care (RNC), the main subject of our research, is an element of the nursing care training program. Looking at the development of the profession, we tried to clarify the meaning of RNC as part of training but also in the fields where care is provided, since this is a work and study education program. RNC was discussed in historical, regulatory, and scientific contexts. Three hypotheses were developed and put to the test. In this article, we clarify the methodology used, suggest proposals following the analysis of the various data corpora, and identify avenues of further reflection for both trainers and readers.